List of ships of the Spanish Armada
The armada was divided into ten "squadrons"[1]
List of Squadron Commanders
Ships of the Squadrons
Squadron of Portugal
Twelve ships;
- São Martinho (48 guns). known in Spanish as San Martin and in English as Saint Martin. Flagship of the commander-in-chief, the Duke of Medina Sidonia and Maestre Francisco de Bobadilla, the senior army officer. (São Martinho had an overall length of about 180 feet with a beam of about 40 feet. She carried the aforementioned 48 heavy guns on two enclosed gun decks, plus multiple smaller weapons).
- São João (de Portugal). (50 guns). known in Spanish as San Juan de Portugal and in English as Saint John of Portugal. Captained by Recalde.
- São Marcos (33 guns).
- São Filipe (40 guns).
- São Luis (38 guns).
- São Mateus (34 guns). known in Spanish as San Mateo and in English as Saint Matthew.
- Santiago (24 guns).
- São Francisco (Florencia or Galleon of Florence). (52 guns).
- São Cristóvão (20 guns).
- São Bernardo (21 guns).
- Zabra Augusta (13 guns).
- Zabra Júlia (14 guns).
Squadron of Galleys of Portugal
Four ships;
- Capitania (50 guns).
- Princesa (50 guns).
- Diana (50 guns).
- Bazana (50 guns).
Squadron of Biscay
Fourteen ships;
- Santa Ana (30 guns: Flagship of Juan Martinez de Recalde, Captain General and second in command of the Armada).
- El Gran Grin (28 guns). Wrecked near SW tip of Clare Island, Clew Bay, Co. Mayo.
- Santiago (25 guns).
- La Concepcion (de Zubelzu). (16 guns).
- La Concepcion de Juanes del Cano (18 guns). Wrecked on Galway coast.
- La Magdalena (18 guns).
- San Juan (21 guns).
- La Maria Juan (24 guns).
- La Manuela (24 guns).
- Santa Maria de Montemayor (18 guns).
- Paxat la Maria de Aguirre (6 guns).
- Paxat la Isabela (10 guns).
- Paxat de Miguel de Suso (6 guns).
- Paxat San Estaban (6 guns).
Squadron of Castile
Sixteen ships;
- San Cristobal (36 guns). Flagship of Diego Flores de Valdés.
- San Juan Bautista. (24 guns). Sunk at Blasket Islands in late September 1588.
- San Pedro (24 guns).
- San Juan (24 guns).
- Santiago el Mayor (24 guns).
- San Felipe y Santiago (24 guns).
- La Asunción (24 guns).
- Nuestra Señora del Barrio (24 guns).
- San Medel y Celedon (or San Linda y Celedón). (24 guns).
- Santa Ana (24 guns).
- Nuestra Señora de Begoña (24 guns).
- La Trinidad Bogitar (24 guns).
- La Santa Catalina (24 guns).
- San Juan Bautista (24 guns).
- Paxat Nuestra Senora del Socorro (or Nuestra Señora del Rosario). (24 guns). (Possibly lost in Tralee Bay)[2]
- Paxat San Antonio de Padua (12 guns).
Squadron of Andalusia
Eleven ships;
- Nuestra Señora del Rosario (46 guns). Flagship of Don Pedro de Valdés.
- San Francisco (21 guns).
- San Juan Bautista (31 guns).
- San Juan de Gargarin (16 guns).
- La Concepcion (20 guns).
- Urca Duquesa Santa Ana. (23 guns). Wrecked at Loughros More, Co. Donegal
- Santa Catalina (23 guns).
- La Trinidad (13 guns).
- Santa Maria del Juncal (20 guns).
- San Bartolome (20 guns).
- Paxat El Espiritu Santo
Squadron of Guipuzcoa
Fourteen ships;
- Santa Ana (47 guns). Flagship of Miguel de Oquendo.
- Santa Maria de la Rosa. (47 guns). AKA Nuestra Senora de la Rosa. Wrecked on Stromboli Reef at Blasket Sound, 21 September 1588.
- San Salvador (25 guns).
- San Esteban. (26 guns). Wrecked near Doobeg, Co. Clare.
- Santa Maria (or Santa Marta). (20 guns).
- Santa Barbara (12 guns).
- San Buenaventura (21 guns).
- La Maria San Juan (12 guns).
- Santa Cruz (18 guns).
- Urca Doncella (16 guns).
- Paxat la Asuncion (9 guns).
- Paxat San Bernabe (9 guns).
- Pinaza Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe (1 gun).
- Pinaza Magdalena (1 gun).
Ten ships;
- La Regazona (30 guns). Flagship of Martin de Bertandona
- La Lavia. (25 guns). Grounded near Streedagh Strand, ten miles North of Sligo town.
- La Rata (Sancta Maria) Encoronada. (35 guns). Grounded and set alight, late September 1588 in Blacksod Bay, Co. Mayo, Ireland
- San Juan de Silicia (26 guns).
- La Trinidad Valencera, (ex Balanzara). (42 guns). Wrecked, 16th Sept 1588 at Glenagivney, (modern name Kinnagoe Bay) Inishowen, Co. Donegal, Ireland.
- La Anunciada (24 guns).
- San Nicolas Prodaneli. (26 guns). Possibly wrecked at either Clare Island, Co. Mayo or Fynglasse?
- Juliana (32 guns).
- Santa Maria de Vison. (18 guns). Grounded near Streedagh Strand, ten miles North of Sligo town.
- La Trinidad de Scala (22 guns).
Squadron of Galleasses of Naples
Four ships;
- San Lorenzo. (50 guns). Flagship of Don Hugo de Moncada. Grounded at Calais after the Battle of Gravelines. Captured by the English in a hard fight that cost Don Hugo de Moncada his life.
- Zúñiga.(50 guns). Forced to take refuge at Le Havre after suffering rudder damage while trying to return home. It is unclear whether the Zúñiga ever returned home. It was last reported silted up at Le Havre.
- La Girona. (50 guns). Wrecked 30th Oct 1588 at Lacada Point, County Antrim, Ireland.
- Napolitana. (50 guns). Returned home intact, making landfall at Laredo, Spain.
Squadron of Urcas
Twenty three ships;
- El Gran Grifón. (38 guns). Flagship of Juan Gómez de Medina. Wrecked, 27 September 1588 at Stroms Hellier, Orkney Islands.
- San Salvador (24 guns).
- Perro Marino (7 guns).
- Falcon Blanco Mayor (16 guns).
- Castillo Negro (27 guns).
- Barca de Amburgo (or Barca de Hamburg) (23 guns).
- Casa de Paz Grande (26 guns).
- San Pedro Mayor (29 guns).
- El Sanson (18 guns).
- San Pedro Menor (18 guns).
- Barca de Anzique (or Barca de Danzig). (26 guns).
- Falcon Blanco Mediano. (16 guns). Lost on Connemara coast, County Galway, possibly near Inish Boffin, on Freaghillaun Rock?
- Santo Andres (14 guns).
- Casa de Pas Chica (15 guns).
- Ciervo Volante (18 guns).
- Paloma Blanca (12 guns).
- La Ventura (4 guns).
- Santa Barbara (10 guns).
- Santiago (19 guns).
- David (7 guns).
- El Gato (9 guns).
- Esayas (4 guns).
- San Gabriel (4 guns).
Squadron of Pataches and Zabras
Twenty two ships (5 to 10 guns) under Don Antonio de Medoza;
- Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Zaragoza
- La Caridad
- San Andres
- El Crucifijo
- Nuestra Senora del Puerto
- La Concepcion de Cararsca
- Nuestro Senora Begona
- La Concepcion Capetillo
- San Jeronimo
- Nuestro Senora de Gracia
- La Concepcion Francisco de Latero
- Nuesto Senora de Guadalupe
- San Francisco
- Espiritu Santo
- Zabra Trinidad
- Nuestro Senora de Castro
- Santo Andres
- La Concepcion de de Valmeseda
- La Concepcion de Somanila
- San Juan de Carasa
- Asuncion
Complement of the Fleet:
- 132 ships.
- 8,766 sailors.
- 21,556 soldiers.
- 2,088 convict rowers[3]
Ship Types
[4]
Galleon
- Pronunciation: /ˈɡæliən/ gal-ee-ən. Etymology: Old Spanish galeón, from Middle French galion, from Old French galie. Date: 1529.
a heavy square-rigged sailing ship of the 15th to early 185th centuries used for war or commerce especially by the Spanish.[5]
Galley
- Pronunciation: /ˈɡæli/ gal-ee. Etymology: Middle English galeie, from Anglo-French galie, galee, ultimately from Middle Greek galea. Date: 13th century.
1 : a ship or boat propelled solely or chiefly by oars: as a : a long low ship used for war and trading especially in the Mediterranean Sea from the Middle Ages to the 19th century; also : galleass b : a warship of classical antiquity — compare bireme, trireme c : a large open boat (as a gig) formerly used in England.[6]
et al.
Galleass
- Pronunciation: /ˈɡæliəs/ gal-ee-əs. Etymology: Middle French galeasse, from Old French galie galley. Date: 1544.
- a large fast galley used especially as a warship by Mediterranean countries in the 16th and 17th centuries and having both sails and oars but usually propelled chiefly by rowing[7]
Hulk
- A ship specially built to serve as a storehouse, prison, etc., and not for sea service.
Urca
- "The urcas, supply hulks, had largely been requisitioned when they sailed into Spanish ports, regardless of their owners' rights and wishes. Baltic made urcas with two lateen mizzen masts were unable to sail close to the wind. They were also no good for fitting fighting 'castles' to. Some urcas came from Hanseatic ports. In all there were twenty three urcas in the fleet."[8]
Zabras
Patches
Patax
Summary of Armada Make Up
- Total Number of Ships Mustered at Corunna = 130
- Total tons of Shipping at Muster = 58,705
- Total persons on ships, soldiers & sailors = 25,826 persons
- Total number of Guns = 2,477
- Total Number of Ships Lost/Burned/Missing = 68
- Total Number that Failed to Start = 5
Collecting Data/ Under Construction
References
- ^ Journal of Kerry Archaeological and Historical Society. No 23 (1990) "The Surrender of an Armada Vessel near Tralee by Brendan G. McCarthy
- ^ Discovering Kerry by T.J. Barrington. Backwater Press, 1976. ISBN 0 905471 00 8
- ^ http://www.britishbattles.com/spanish-war/spanish-armada.htm
- ^ http://www.thepirateking.com/terminology/index.htm
- ^ Mirriam-Webster on-line Dictionary.
- ^ www,mirriam-webster.com/dictionary.
- ^ Mirriam-Webster Dictionary
- ^ The Spanish Armada by R. Whiting
Bibliography
- The Spanish Armada, Roger Whiting, 1988. Sutton Publishing, ISBN 0 7509 3647 9.
- Ireland Graveyard of the Spanish Armada, Kilfeather. 1967, Anvil Books.
- The Confident Hope of a Miracle, Neil Hanson, 2003. ISBN 1 3579 1086 42
- Armada in Ireland, Niall Fallon, 1978. Stamford Maritime.